Which theory emphasizes that word identification and meaning prediction occur simultaneously in the reading process?

The Interactive Theory is correct as it posits that during the reading process, readers engage both in word identification and meaning prediction simultaneously. This theory suggests that comprehension is not a linear process but rather a fluid interaction between various cognitive processes. As readers decode words, they also draw on their prior knowledge and contextual clues to predict meaning, allowing for a more efficient and integrated reading experience. This simultaneous processing helps to enhance understanding and retention of the material, as readers bridge gaps between the text and their own experiences or knowledge.

In contrast, Phonemic Awareness Theory primarily focuses on the ability to hear, identify, and manipulate individual sounds in spoken words, which is just one aspect of the reading process. Behaviorist Theory centers around observable behaviors and the role of reinforcement in learning, which does not encompass the simultaneous processing of word identification and comprehension. Cognitive Theory involves broader mental processes but does not emphasize the interactive nature of word recognition and meaning making in the way that Interactive Theory does.