When does the suffix -ed typically say (t)?

The suffix -ed typically pronounces as (t) following an unvoiced sound. This phonetic rule applies because the articulation of unvoiced sounds does not involve vibration of the vocal cords, leading to a clearer, more distinguishable sound when -ed is attached. For example, in words like "looked" or "washed," the -ed suffix is pronounced as (t) because it is following sounds that are produced without voice.

In contrast, when -ed follows voiced sounds, it is pronounced as (d), and in cases where it follows a sibilant sound like 's', it is pronounced as (id). Understanding these rules is crucial in phonetics and language education, especially in structured language programs where clarity in communication is paramount.