What is the process of identifying the nature of a disorder or disability through observation called?

The process of identifying the nature of a disorder or disability through observation is referred to as diagnosis. This involves careful assessment and analysis of an individual’s behavior, skills, and challenges in order to determine the presence of a specific disorder or disability. Diagnosis is a systematic approach that often incorporates various sources of information, including interviews, observational data, and sometimes standardized assessments, to reach a conclusion about an individual's condition.

Formal testing typically involves standardized tools designed for measuring specific abilities or behaviors, whereas accommodations pertain to adjustments made to support individuals with identified needs, ensuring they have equitable access to education or other environments. Anecdotal information consists of informal observations or stories about an individual’s behavior but does not constitute a formal method of determining a diagnosis. Therefore, diagnosis precisely captures the process intended by the question, emphasizing its role in recognizing and understanding disorders or disabilities through systematic observation.