What is designated for the superior ability to read words without comprehension?

The term that describes the superior ability to read words without comprehension is hyperlexia. Hyperlexia is characterized by individuals who can decode words at an age-appropriate or even advanced level, often displaying an exceptional ability to read but struggling with understanding the meaning of the text. This phenomenon is frequently observed in some children on the autism spectrum, where they may read accurately but have difficulty grasping the context or implications of what they are reading.

In contrast, alexia refers to a type of reading disability typically resulting from brain injury, where individuals lose their ability to read altogether rather than reading exceptionally well without understanding. Lexicon pertains to the vocabulary of a language or an individual, which is not specifically related to reading proficiency or comprehension. Semantics deals with the meaning of words and sentences, emphasizing the understanding of language rather than just reading it. Thus, hyperlexia most accurately captures the scenario of reading words fluently with a lack of comprehension.