What figure of speech uses a word or phrase to imply something beyond its literal meaning?

The figure of speech that uses a word or phrase to imply something beyond its literal meaning is metaphor. A metaphor directly compares one thing to another by saying that one is the other, allowing for a deeper understanding or a new perspective on the subject. For example, when someone says "Time is a thief," they are not suggesting that time literally steals, but rather implying that time can take away moments and experiences much like a thief would.

This use of figurative language allows for rich and imaginative communication, as it encourages the listener or reader to think beyond the literal words and to explore the underlying meanings. Metaphors are prevalent in literature, poetry, and everyday language as a way to convey complex ideas or emotions succinctly.

In contrast, while similes also make comparisons, they do so explicitly using "like" or "as," which keeps the literal meanings more intact. Hyperbole involves exaggeration for emphasis rather than implying an alternate meaning. Alliteration is a stylistic device focused on the repetition of consonant sounds rather than on conveying deeper meaning.