What does summative data provide information about?

Summative data provides insight into knowledge applied to long-term goals. This type of data is typically collected at the end of an instructional period, such as the conclusion of a unit, semester, or year. It reflects the extent to which students have retained and understood the material over a significant timeframe. By assessing the knowledge gained, summative data evaluates overall achievement and helps educators determine if students have met the long-term learning objectives set for the course or curriculum.

This is in contrast to options that pertain to more immediate assessments or strategies. For instance, applying knowledge to short-term goals would involve formative assessments that focus more on ongoing learning processes. Similarly, formative assessment strategies and peer comparison effectiveness are not directly related to the long-term evaluation of knowledge but rather to monitoring and improving learning during instruction.