What do decoding and encoding refer to in language learning?

Decoding and encoding are fundamental processes in language learning that relate directly to reading and writing. Decoding refers to the ability to interpret written symbols (letters and words) and convert them into their corresponding sounds, a crucial skill for reading. This process allows learners to make sense of text by sounding out words and understanding their meanings.

On the other hand, encoding involves the opposite process, where sounds are translated into written symbols. This is essential for writing, as it requires learners to understand how to represent spoken language with letters and spelling conventions.

Together, these two processes are integral to developing literacy skills. When learners successfully decode, they can comprehend texts, while effective encoding enables them to express their thoughts in writing. Thus, relating these concepts to reading and writing accurately captures their significance in language education.